Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK. In fact, according to Cancer Research UK, more than 52,000 men in the UK are diagnosed with it every year. And whilst 78% of men will survive prostate cancer for 10 or more years, sadly it kills just over 12,000 men per year. And that’s why it is so important to raise awareness about the signs and symptoms – so that if you, your partner, father, brother or friend notice any changes, they can get the right help right away.

What is the prostate?

The prostate is a small gland located in the pelvis of males and is part of the male reproductive system. It is responsible for creating the fluid that transports sperm from the testicles (semen).

What are the signs and symptoms of prostate cancer?

It is possible for someone to have prostate cancer for a number of years without realising there is an issue. This is because prostate cancer does not usually cause any obvious symptoms until it has grown large enough to put pressure on the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the penis).

Signs and symptoms can vary from person to person, but the following are some of the most common:

• Needing to urinate more frequently, especially during the night
• Needing to rush to the toilet
• Difficulty in starting to urinate
• A weak flow
• Feeling that your bladder is not fully empty after urinating
• Blood in your urine or semen

It is important to note that experiencing any of these symptoms does not necessarily mean you have prostate cancer. However, it is always best to get checked out in the first instance if you notice any changes to your urinating habits.

What causes prostate cancer?

Research into prostate cancer is still ongoing, so at this point we still don’t know exactly what causes it. However, we do know there are various factors that can increase your risk of developing it. They include:

• Your age: The risk increases as you get older, with most cases diagnosed in men over the age of 50.
• Your family history: If you have a brother or father who developed prostate cancer before the age of 60, you have a higher risk of developing it yourself.
• Your diet and exercise routine: Those deemed to be obese have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer. So whilst you are not able to do anything about your age or family history, you can take proactive steps to improve your diet and exercise routine to help lower your risk of developing prostate cancer.

How do they test for prostate cancer?

If you are concerned about any symptoms, there are various tests that can be carried out to determine whether you have prostate cancer or not. They include a blood test, a digital rectal examination, an MRI scan and a biopsy.

How can I help?

One way you can play your part to raise awareness and vital funding into research is by taking part in Movember. Grow a moustache or set yourself an active challenge and your donation could make a huge difference.

What should I do if I notice any symptoms?

If you’re worried about any new or unusual symptoms, make an appointment at YourGP as soon as possible. We have short-notice appointments available so you can do just that. Choose a date and time that suits you via our simple online booking system, or you can email reception@your.gp or call us on 0131 225 5656 and we will ensure that you are seen as quickly as possible to help put your mind at ease.